Recognizing Metastatic Breast Cancer Symptoms

Metastatic breast cancer, also referred to as stage IV breast cancer, occurs when cancer cells from the breast spread to other parts of the body. While breast cancer can spread to any part of the body, it is more likely to affect the bone, liver, brain, and lungs.

The cancer cells can spread by breaking away from the original tumor and traveling through blood vessels or lymphatic vessels to other parts of the body. These circulating cells may then stop in small blood vessels at a distant location, invade the blood vessel walls, and move into the surrounding tissue. Once they start growing in the tissue, a tumor forms and new blood vessels begin to grow, providing the tumor with blood supply and allowing it to grow further. Learning about this can be overwhelming and scary, however, there will be a team of medical professionals to help you figure out the best way to navigate this journey.

The symptoms of metastatic breast cancer vary depending on the location that the cancer has spread to.

If breast cancer has spread to the bone:

• Severe, progressive pain or ache in the bone
• Swelling
• Bone fractures
• Bones that are more easily fractured or broken

If breast cancer has spread to the liver:

• Discomfort in the right side of the abdomen
• Jaundice
• Swollen abdomen (due to build-up of fluid)
• Abdominal bloating, pain, or tenderness
• Itchy skin, rashes
• Nausea and vomiting

If breast cancer has spread to the lungs:

• Shortness of breath
• Chronic dry cough
• Chest pain, a feeling of heaviness in the chest

If breast cancer has spread to the brain:

• Persistent and progressively worsening headaches or pressure in the head
• Changes and disturbances in vision
• Seizures
• Vomiting or nausea
• Behavioral or personality changes

Individuals who are diagnosed with metastatic breast cancer may also experience general symptoms, such as:

• Loss of appetite
• Unexplained weight loss
• Fatigue
• Depression
• Insomnia
• Pain

Experiencing a worsening of cancer is a difficult experience that can be disheartening and add to the challenges of recovery. It's important to keep in mind that these symptoms may also be caused by medication side effects or other factors. If you are concerned about any symptoms, it's best to consult with a medical professional who can provide proper support and care.