What Type of Lung Cancer Do I Have?

Think of “lung cancer” as a general term. When diagnosed with lung cancer, patients receive a more specific term for their diagnosis. Essentially, there are two types: small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). So, what sets them apart?

Historically, lung cancer was categorized as small and “not so small” cells when viewed under a microscope. However, everything appears small under a microscope. In terms of size, the cancerous cells in NSCLC are comparatively larger. On the other hand, SCLC cells appear smaller and round, which is why they are sometimes called “oat-cell” cancer.

To provide an overview, doctors classify lung cancer into types based on the location of the developed cancer and the cell types it originates from. This classification aids in better understanding and addressing the unique characteristics and treatment approaches associated with each type.

Adenocarcinoma: This type of lung cancer usually begins in the outer part of the lungs, in glands of the alveoli. Alveoli are tiny air sacs where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place.

Squamous cell carcinoma: Unlike adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma usually begins from the center of the lungs, in the squamous cells in the bronchi, which are the main airways of the lungs.

Large cell carcinoma: This type of lung cancer mostly begins from the outer part of the lungs, similar to adenocarcinoma. However, it differs from other types as it involves large cells that can be found anywhere within the lungs. These large cells are larger in size compared to typical human cells.

Small cell carcinoma: It begins in small cells found anywhere in the lungs. These cells are smaller in size compared to typical human cells.

Knowing the type of lung cancer helps determine the appropriate treatment options and provides insights into the prognosis and potential outcomes. Different lung cancer types have varying survival and response rates to treatment. By understanding the specific type, individuals can have a more informed discussion with their healthcare team, ask relevant questions, and actively participate in their treatment decision-making process.